Before antibiotic medicines became widely used, rheumatic
fever was the largest cause of valve disease. Rheumatic fever is a condition
that is a complication of untreated strep throat. Strep throat is caused by a
group A streptococcal infection found in the throat.
Rheumatic fever can damage body tissues by causing them to
swell, but its greatest danger lies in the damage it can do to your heart. More
than half of the time, rheumatic fever leads to scarring of the heart's valves.
This scarring can narrow the valve and make it harder for the valve to open
properly or to close completely. In turn, your heart has to work harder to pump
blood to the rest of your body. This valve damage can lead to a condition
called rheumatic heart disease, which, in time, can lead to congestive heart
failure.